Ali's+research+project

=__﻿__ = =** Ali's Journal **=
 * Wednesday 2/2/2011 L5-6 : Today's lesson was very enjoyable. I have learnt how to make a wiki account. My teacher assisted me in creating this account. I started thinking about things that I was going to research on as well as my account to gain better knowledge and understanding.
 * Wednesday 2/2/2011 L5-6 : Today's lesson was very enjoyable. I have learnt how to make a wiki account. My teacher assisted me in creating this account. I started thinking about things that I was going to research on as well as my account to gain better knowledge and understanding.


 * Friday18 /2/2011 Today was a busy day for me. I choose 5 things to research about and the list of that five things is solar system, Taliban, aircrafts and martial arts, next I chose two of them and finally, I chose one of them which is martial art to research about. We are four people in one group researching about martial arts. My group mates are Mark Davis, Daniel phamy.
 * Last lesson the teacher told as that our group is behind from other groups. I was not so happy about that and I asked Daniel and Mark to work it out. We began to make a survey for our group. It was hard for us to find the questions but finally we find the guiding questions.

Week 4 WEEK 5 WEEK 6
 * Weekly goal: finish and post survey
 * 21/2/2011 Find the questions about the topic for survey.
 * 22/2/2011 made survey monkey account and write the questions
 * Weekly goal:
 * Weekly goal: Complete concept map


 * 9/3/2011 The teacher teach me how to find the references of web and books
 * The teacher told as to try to find the answers of the questions rather than copying the all history of martial arts.

WEEK 7 Week 8 Weekly goals: Work on the Scaffold.
 * 11/03/2011 complete concept map.
 * 11/03/2011 learnt about five capabilities of SACE.
 * 15/03/2011 Correct the grammatical mistakes of my journal
 * Research on the history modern Martial Arts
 * 16/03/2011 Correct the mistakes of my journal.
 * 18/03/2011 Correct the mistakes of my journal.

Week 9 Weekly goals: Finish the scoffold.
 * Mon 21/03/2011 Research on Chinese martial arts
 * Wed 23/03/2011 Work on Chinese martial arts
 * Fri 25/03/2011 Research on Korean martial arts
 * Mon 28/03/2011 Work on Korean martial arts
 * Wed 30/03/2011 Work on scoffold
 * Fri

Week 10: Weekly goals: Prepare for the oral presentation due Friday
 * Mon 04/04/2011 Work on the scaffold
 * Tue 05/04/2011 Work on the scaffold, prepare for oral presentation
 * Wed 06/04/2011
 * Fri 08/04/2011 The teacter told me that my guiding question have problem. I was so angry because

Week 11 Weekly goals
 * Mon 11/04/2011 Today I change my guiding question and started research on that. It was easier for me because I understand my question well and I researched on two books on martial which was very useful.
 * Tue 12/04/2011
 * Wed 13/04/2011

**__ TERM TWO __**
 * //Mon 02/05/2011 1st week of 2nd term:// TODAY we got a new teacher. Since I started to do my research once again, I started my research on the question “why martial arts were created and what are the martial arts used for in the 21st century”. At first I was confused and I was thinking how and from where to start my research but latter on I got some ideas by the help of my group mats. Since I had already researched about why martial arts were created for my previous question I avoid to research on it again so that I started research on “the uses of martial arts on today’s society”. And I divided the benefits of martial arts in two parts of health benefits and financial benefits.


 * __ Tue 03/05/2011 __ TODAY I started research on the health benefits of the martial arts and I divided this also to two parts of physical benefits and Psychological benefits of martial arts. I started research on the physical benefits of martial arts. I found some useful websites and one book on my topic.


 * Wed 04/05/2011 TODAY our new teacher talked to every group separately to notice that where are the students are in there research. While she was talking to other groups I chalked other student’s wiki pages and I really noticed that our group is far behind other groups. While our teacher talked to as she told as that if I were you “I would not research about everything about martial”. She said for example if I were you my focus question would be something like “how can the philosophy behind martial arts help youths in today’s life rather than “practicing martial arts can benefit people in various ways through life”. She said that, “martial art is big topic and you can’t research everything about it in this short time and she noticed that to keep is as simple and short as we can. She did some other corrections on our survey and scaffold.
 * Fri 06/05/2011


 * 11/05/2011 TODAY everyone in our class were looking tired, I was tired as well because last night I was doing assignment until mid-night. My group fellows were also very tired. Most of the other students were not working because they had already finished their task. In this lesson I researched the physical benefits of martial arts and found some really interesting points. Today our teacher gave as an example of how to use PowerPoint for our oral presentation at the end of the term. Our teacher told the students to get a folder by next week and print everything and put in the folder.

**//__ Week three term two __//**
 * Mon 16/05/2011



** 4) What is martial art, why was it created and haw has it changed? ** ** What are martial arts? **  Martial art is a set of movement used to promote health and some others define that it is a set of movement used for offensive or defensive purposes.  ** Why martial arts were created? **  According to different historians the first martial arts was created in different places. Some say it has begun china about 6000 years ago but some of the historian say that it was first created by Buddha in about 400BC and some others say that it has begun in the ancient Greece and according to some others it was created in the ancient Egypt. Accept the opinion that it was created by Buddha and Confucius the rest was all created for war and self-defense. According to research the first martial arts that entered in the ancient Olympic Games is the Pankration.  ** How has it changed? **  Martial arts have changed from the time it was first created. Sometimes it change has changed because culture, religion and philosophy. In the 21th century the martial arts are not practiced as it was before. Now martial arts are practiced for military training, for movies television shows, movies, fitness or health promote and to be a sports man.

__**A summary of research**__
Martial arts were created mostly for war or offensive and defensive purposes. In 21th century it is used for television shows, movies, military training, fitness or health promote, self-defence and to make a career out of it.

Connection between hypothesis and research Doing the research I learnt that martial arts can benefit people in various ways of life because in the twenty 21th century a martial artist can make a good career out of martial arts and it helps people get confident and be fit.

**__BIBLIOGRAPHY/REFERENCE LIST __**

Entry in reference list

History of Chinese Martial Arts n.d., ALI, accessed •Mon 21/03/2011, .

Entry in reference list

History of martial arts n.d., Ali Payam, accessed 28/03/2011, .

Entry in reference list

The history of Korean Martial Arts n.d., Ali Payam, accessed 28/03/2011, .

** History of martial arts: ** ** 1: what are martial arts and what was it created for? ** Martial arts can be a set of movements used to promote health. It can also be a set of movement used for offensive or defensive purposes. Martial arts are another way saying the "art of combat" or "art of waging of war." In its infancy, it was used as a weapon to survive. Kill or be killed. It has structure and every movement has meaning. Martial arts have evolved into everything from simple to complex systems of fighting and health. For example, in Kung Fu, some mimic movements from the animal kingdom and adapt them to human fighting. Others, like in Tae Kwon Do, use focus techniques to build up "Chi" (One’s Life Force) and use it to generate powerful strikes. While others, like in Tai-Chi, use it to promote health. The list goes on and on. The one thing all martial arts have in common is that they promote health and self-defense. Hence the reason martial arts is called the "**researched the different martial arts were created for different reasons so that I decided to divide them in to the following:**  Ø Asian martial arts and the reason they were created    Ø European martial arts and the reason it was created

** 1) **** Asian martial arts: ** I believe that the Asian martial arts (like Chinese martial arts, Japanese martial arts, Korean martial arts and etc. ) are more improved and got different styles than any other civilization’s martial arts in the world.   Ø ** Chinese martial arts and the reason it was created: **  According to some historians the Chinese martial arts are actually be traced back to 6,000 years. They were using it first for self-defense, military training, and other various other activities. As I researched some of the historians says that the Chinese martial arts were created by an emperor by the name of yellow emperor and at first only his soldier were trained but once individual outside of the military began practicing martial arts, the martial arts began influencing other cultural activities. Today martial arts are intrinsically woven in to Chinese culture. In 509 BC Confucius thought the idea to practice both martial arts and literary arts to bring balance to the individuals of life. The shaolin martial art style is one of the most popular cultures and it was created to defend shaolin monasteries from thieves and bandits and it was heavily used in battle in 621 AD. Records from 16th and 17th centuries show that shaolin monks saw martial arts as a very important part of their lives. Today the Chinese martial arts have influenced in the world and for the first time the Chinese martial arts began to be part of the Olympic Games in the berlin Olympic Games 1936. [] ** 2) **** Other Asian martial arts and the reason they were created: **  · ** Korean martial arts and the reason it was created: **  As I researched according to some historians the Korean martial arts has been invented in 6th century. Like chines martial arts it was also created for defense and protection and they use martial arts to unify Korea in 668 AD. So it became famous in all Korea that in 900s all people who wanted to join military must learn martial arts. In 1500s they stopped learning and teaching Korean martial arts because they changed their religion from Buddhism to Confucianism. The Korean martial arts were almost lost but the a few Buddhist monks keep training and keep it alive. In 1909 Korean people used to learn Japanese and Chinese martial arts after japan concord Korea. On April 11, 1955 the martial artists in South Korea came to gather and give the name of Taekwondo to Korean martial arts. Major-General Choi Hong Hi is recognized as the founder. In the 1960s, Taekwondo began to spread worldwide.in 1988; Taekwondo became a demonstration sport in the Olympics. In 2000 it became an official Olympic Games sport. I believe that now Taekwondo do is one of the most interesting and populated games of Olympics. http://www.learnkoreanlanguage.com/history-of-taekwondo.html · ** Indian martial arts and the reason they were created: **

** 2: How has it changed and what are the motives behind them the same? **  · ** Martial arts of classical Greece and the reason they were created: ** Some martial arts are nearly the similar to western American and African martial arts. The ancient martial arts were called Pankration which was the first martial game in the ancient Olympic. Pankration is an alarmed way of combat Art of self-defense" and it just depends on your personality, your range of movement and your comfort level as to which martial art will work best for you. ** As I researched the different martial arts were created for different reasons so that I decided to divide them in to the following: **  Ø Asian martial arts and the reason they were created    Ø European martial arts and the reason it was created

** 1) **** Asian martial arts: ** I believe that the Asian martial arts (like Chinese martial arts, Japanese martial arts, Korean martial arts and etc. ) are more improved and got different styles than any other civilization’s martial arts in the world.   Ø ** Chinese martial arts and the reason it was created: **  According to some historians the Chinese martial arts are actually be traced back to 6,000 years. They were using it first for self-defense, military training, and other various other activities. As I researched some of the historians says that the Chinese martial arts were created by an emperor by the name of yellow emperor and at first only his soldier were trained but once individual outside of the military began practicing martial arts, the martial arts began influencing other cultural activities. Today martial arts are intrinsically woven in to Chinese culture. In 509 BC Confucius thought the idea to practice both martial arts and literary arts to bring balance to the individuals of life. The shaolin martial art style is one of the most popular cultures and it was created to defend shaolin monasteries from thieves and bandits and it was heavily used in battle in 621 AD. Records from 16th and 17th centuries show that shaolin monks saw martial arts as a very important part of their lives. Today the Chinese martial arts have influenced in the world and for the first time the Chinese martial arts began to be part of the Olympic Games in the berlin Olympic Games 1936. [] ** 2) **** Other Asian martial arts and the reason they were created: **  · ** Korean martial arts and the reason it was created: **  As I researched according to some historians the Korean martial arts has been invented in 6th century. Like chines martial arts it was also created for defense and protection and they use martial arts to unify Korea in 668 AD. So it became famous in all Korea that in 900s all people who wanted to join military must learn martial arts. In 1500s they stopped learning and teaching Korean martial arts because they changed their religion from Buddhism to Confucianism. The Korean martial arts were almost lost but the a few Buddhist monks keep training and keep it alive. In 1909 Korean people used to learn Japanese and Chinese martial arts after japan concord Korea. On April 11, 1955 the martial artists in South Korea came to gather and give the name of Taekwondo to Korean martial arts. Major-General Choi Hong Hi is recognized as the founder. In the 1960s, Taekwondo began to spread worldwide.in 1988; Taekwondo became a demonstration sport in the Olympics. In 2000 it became an official Olympic Games sport. I believe that now Taekwondo do is one of the most interesting and populated games of Olympics. http://www.learnkoreanlanguage.com/history-of-taekwondo.html · ** Indian martial arts and the reason they were created: **

** 2: How has it changed and what are the motives behind them the same? **  · ** Martial arts of classical Greece and the reason they were created: ** Some martial arts are nearly the similar to western American and African martial arts. The ancient martial arts were called Pankration which was the first martial game in the ancient Olympic. Pankration is an alarmed way of combat


 * ====The Beginning ====

know is that we are extremely grateful it has survived and flourished in our times.

 * ==Evolution==

by using your mental skills.

 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif;">Continue

shelter. It is the struggle to survive.

 * Martial Arts in an other way saying "the Art of combat" or" art of waging**

Internet no author
 * = ||  //Martial Arts history// 2011, Sihing Kurt Smith, accessed 2000 to 2011, < http://www.thefightgame.tv/MAHistory.htm>.   ||

<span style="font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 80%;">EARLY MARTIAL ART HISTORY:
One could say that [|martial arts]' began with the evolution of man. The early cave men chasing each other with wooden or bone clubs. In fact, wherever man was, there was sure to be confrontation, all of which required some form of thought out plan of attack. For this short article I will focus on the early history [|martial arts] of Asia, and China in particular. The whole concept of Kung Fu', which literally means energy and time is related to an individual's dedication to his craft, whether it be some type of talent (music, writing, etc), or skill (as in fighting, dancing, or playing sports). It's roots are in Chinese tradition, and no other society has supported a system of the martial arts like the Chinese. If a person is a respected individual in his craft, based on the many years that person devoted his/her time to it, they are said to have Kung Fu'. An Indian Buddhist prince, Da Mo came to spend some time at the first Shaolin temple in Huo Nan province in 527 A.D.. When he saw many of the Shaolin monks were weak, and sickly, it is written that he locked himself in a room for nine years for meditation and to find ways to help the monks. When he emerged he wrote two books of techniques which he thought may be helpful. The monks took to practicing his ideas, but found one of the books exercise techniques to be quite strenuous if actually practiced continually. Years later, only one of Da Mo's books became the principle guide to help the monks achieve strength and internal power. While developing themselves physically through the years, the Shaolin monks devised fighting techniques based on real and mythical animals to go along with their strength training. It was needed to defend themselves against bandits and other threats ( since many monks traveled the countryside helping people and preaching). Eventually, after all the trials and tribulations of the Shaolin temple ( various temple closings due to dynasty changes), many things came about. Although the monks became well respected for their morals, their helping others, and their fighting skills as compared to ordinary people', there were many incidents where renegade monks ran afoul of the Shaolin Way. These monks roamed the countryside killing, looting and teaching their skills to equally bad ordinary folk. On the other hand, many traveling good' monks taught ordinary people they thought to possess good moral character, as was the requirement to learn these martial skills. Many martial arts styles evolved from these occasions. It was a monk from China who taught the Japanese the soft way of the Ming people', or Judo. The monk had spent his life in Japan during the Ming dynasty. The Japanese developed Judo from his teachings, and went on to develop other forms of martial arts, which added to their arsenal of fighting techniques. Throughout Asia, many who became proficient with their fighting techniques began teaching others as they roamed about. The arts historians have said derived from the early Shaolin monks, came to Korea, Vietnam, and many other parts of Asia. The principles behind the arts, good moral character, discipline and helping others were also important. The allure of the arts were the ability to adapt to any fighting situation, sometimes using what ordinary people' considered unconventional, but controlled methods to subdue or defeat opponents. I won't get into the many styles that came about from these practices. I will say that as a basic principle, the person who could last the longest in a fight (through breathing techniques), had more effective techniques ( fist, feet, blocking, and simultaneous counter attacks), and possessed extraordinary flexibility often made them victorious against opponents of many sizes, strengths, and number. Through meticulous research, the Shaolin monks had devised a fighting system that many people thought made them superhuman.' On the whole, these monks spent more time in the practice of Buddhism than in learning to fight. As the arts spread to the countryside, those who weren't quite as religious dedicated more time to developing and modifying their techniques, many of which comprise the modern Kung Fu' as we know today.

by [|Tracy Wever]
February 08, 2010 The early history of [|Martial Arts] can trace its start to the first fight between two humans. [|Martial arts] are basically practiced systems of fighting. Who are we to say that the earliest humans did not practice against each other to gain skills used against enemies. Therefore the time line has to start with mans earliest conflicts against each other.

One of the earliest examples of Martial Arts is found in Egyptian tombs, these wall paintings that show men fighting date back to 2000 B.C. The Egyptians had many enemies so it is only natural that they would practice a form of fighting. There are also accounts of hand to hand fighting during the iron and bronze ages. Hand to hand combat is also written about in detail including different techniques in the fifth century.

The Shaolin Kung Fu style of martial arts originated from the style practiced by the Shaolin monks. There are documented accounts of this style as far back as 610 B.C.This is a style that would become widespread in the 16th and 17th centuries. Greeks were practicing Pankration as early as six or seven hundred B.C. This fighting style taught its followers many different forms including wrestling, punching and grappling techniques. Muyejebo is a Korean martial arts form that produced a written manual as early as 1598. Japans Koryu is a word meaning old school. This form of Martial Arts teaches followers many of the old practices learned over centuries. This style became popular around the eighteen sixties.

Two of the most legendary of all Martial Arts groups are the Samurai and the Ninja. The Samurai came into existence around the 12th century. These were fierce fighting warriors loyal to the death to their lords. The Samurai warrior fought in most of the customary martial arts styles and was a very honorable fighter. The only way for him to keep his honor if he lost a battle was to commit suicide. The Ninja on the other hand saw no method unfair as long as the battle was won. They practiced a form of Martial Art known as Ninjutsu. This form has it’s origin about 1162 when a disgraced Samurai Daisuke Togakure was wandering in the mountains and crossed paths with a Chinese warrior monk named Kain Doshi. They combined the Samurai way of fighting with the warrior monk ways and came up with Ninjutsu. The difference between the Samurai way of fighting with its tradition and honor was Ninjutsu warriors saw no shame in any method to achieve a victory. They would sneak up behind a foe and slit his throat or put poison in his rice. The Ninja became the lower class fighters (although not in terms of skill) against the ruling lords and their Samurai.

It is noted in several history books that Martial Arts started to become popular in the United States around the start of the 1800’s. This coincided with the trade between the U.S. and Asian countries and the import of Chinese workers. The art of boxing has been around since the start of the U.S. and this is a form of Martial Art.

This is a brief history of Martial Arts. These practiced forms of fighting have really been around since the dawn of time.

by [|John Specht]
February 07, 2010 When discussing the various [|martial arts] and fighting styles from around the world, the little known urban system of 52 Blocks, a variation of the more broad style Jailhouse Rock, has to enter the conversation. Researchers Daniel Marks and Kammau Hunter have argued that Jailhouse Rock may in fact be America's only "Native Martial Art." With an African influence and believed to have originated in the 17th and 18th centuries by slaves, 52 Blocks went on to evolve in the streets of Brooklyn and US prisons. The style focuses on close quarter techniques, similar to those self defense situations found in environments like prisons, restrooms, alleys, and hallways where movement would be limited.

As mentioned above, 52 Blocks, also called "52 Hand Blocks" and "The 52's", is part of a larger collection of fighting styles referred to as "JHR", or "Jailhouse Rock." 52 Blocks and their variants are similar to the [|martial arts] of capoeira and savate, both of which were fighting systems associated with urban criminal subcultures, which underwent a gradual process of codification before becoming established as martial arts accessible by the mainstream. Other variations from the JHR collection are Comstock, San Quentin style, Mount Meg, and Stato, each name in reference to the prison that it was started at. As it gained popularity and exposure in the earyl 70's, Jail House Rock seems to have first showed up in the media in an article on Martial Arts in prison called, "KARATE IN PRISON: Menace, or Means of Spiritual Survival?," in Black Belt Magazine from July, 1974. Despite wide belief, 52 Blocks is not a style of Western boxing, nor is it Wing Chun mixed with Western boxing. Considered a defensive style that creates openings for offense through constant movement, the fighter blocks/catches punches with the forearms and elbows. Short power punches, flowing movement, and counter striking are all aspects of 52 that are emphasised, while using sharp and evasive footwork. Unlike boxing but similar to Muay Thai, the elbows are commonly used to strike the opponent. Much of the argument and conflicting information about 52 Blocks stems from whether or not the style has been influenced at all by "uprocking" or what most of us call breakdancing. Some believe this link is the aspect of some of the fighting techniques inspired by or copied from the "diss moves" taken from the Brooklyn Rock or uprock style of breakdancing. It looks like you can find as many sources stating these links between 52 and urban dancing as you can to the contrary, making it the subject on 52 with the most conflicting information. As many practitioners of 52 have felt that their system has long been overlooked, it's now is starting to take its rightful place in martial arts history, the product of longtime growing media coverage. [|Jack Johnson], the first black heavyweight, is one of the high profile boxers to first endorse 52 and professional boxers including [|Mike Tyson] Zab Judah, and Bernard Hopkins have testified to the existence of the style, giving it a voice of legitimacy from true fighters. Rashad Evans, former light heavyweight champion in the UFC, has also promoted 52 and its effectiveness.

by [|Darren James Bighetty]
August 13, 2008 The history of [|martial arts] can be traced back to the combativeness of the Native American tribal people who lived in different locations, but often came across the tribes of other locations. During the confrontations of the differing tribal warriors, there was tools of defense and offense that were carried by the clan of warriors. While many people have an idea or concept of "Indians," riding a horse with a bow and arrows. The horse was not introduced to the native system of the inhabitants untill the arrival of the European and Spaniard collonists and religious pioneers.

In the medival ages of the dark times, of where historic records are scarce in the recording of those times, over on the other continent of Asia, and Europe, [|martial arts] was a held secret amongst the different clans, and was a private art to teach or learn from. Europeans used mass armies consisting of barabrians and warlock type soldiers. The battles in these types of war between kings and countries, were often brutal with large groups of people being slaughtered. The Asian type of fighting was done in an honor over insult type of one on one personal match of hand to hand combat. But, used also was a variety of weapons that are still unique to todays approach to fighting. Over time the skill and techqniue of martial arts, has changed from the generations of lessons that were exchanged over the years, through teachers and students. The family integration of martial arts, was a held tradition to Asian people, who only taught the younger children untill they were fully developed adults. Gung Fu had been taught to many people in Asia, over the period of many life times of experience. The martial art was kept only to the chinese people. It was developed for hand to hand combat and included the weaponary perpective. [|Bruce Lee], had been taught Gung Fu from a respected master, held in high regard in the area where Lee lived. As Lee moved to America and settled in Sanfrancisco, although he understood that Gung Fu should never be taught to American people, he decided to train people. Teachers of Gung Fu in the area, were informed that Lee, was training american people. The Chinese had a rule that the fighting system was to be held only to Chinese people, and to go against that rule, was a discrace, according to the teachers. Lee, had to litterally fight those who challange him, who were Gung Fu teachers. The stipulation was; if Lee won he could teach, and the other would stop teaching the martial art, If Lee lost he had to stop teaching. The evolution of martial arts has endured and remained upon the practitioners, who had victory in the battles fought. For Lee, his victory was that he was able to show others and teach Gung Fu, which was eventually called Kung Fu in America. Lee studied many books on martial arts from the styles around the worlds. He integrated styles such as boxing, fencing, Kung Fu, and other martial arts. He then created a style of fighting or martial arts called, Jet Kun Do, which mean, "the intercepting fist." Martial arts has been a process of stratigies of manuvering the bodies weight for attacks, defense, and countering movements. Speed, strength, and skill equals to power, knowledge, and ability at different degrees and levels. Today, martial arts has transformed into a world wide, competitive sport event, of form and ability. Martial arts is used for meditational purposes such as with Ti Chi and Zen monk diciplines. Martial arts continues to be an effective approach to self defense, and is influential in the development and sustaining of a healthy lifestyle. The art is a way of life, that has transcended time and space to the days of here and now, and will emminate into the future, where the weapons and ability transforms with the evolutionary advancements of technology

by [|Royce Radcliffe]
June 06, 2007 When you are looking at the early history of [|martial arts] there are only two countries that you need examine-Japan and China, the two great [|martial arts] epicenters in the world. And when looking at each of these countries there are certain marital arts from whence the rest all originated. For China the first martial art was [|Tai Chi] Chuan. This is considered the grandfather of all modern day Chinese martial arts. The translation is "grand ultimate fist" and another name for it is Chinese boxing. This would later develop into kung fu, which would pretty much blot out and encompass everything to come out of China ever after.

With Japan everything traces back to the time of the samurai, the shogun era. This is when samurai started to develop hand to hand fighting techniques which were given the name Jujitsu. Later on some would find this martial art too heartless and create less unscrupulous forms like Aikido and Judo. Of course this is also when ninjitsu arose. This is a darker art that still has numerous practical elements and above all is pragmatic in its approach. It is also said by many to be a historical precursor for arts like Jeet Kune Do which are very fluid in technique and philosophy. the sports and other variations would crop up later but these were the martial arts used at first when lives were on the line. The early history of martial arts is steeped in blood and that is why in my eyes the forms listed above are the most powerful in history. They had to be.


 * //THE EARLY HISTORY OF MARTIAL ARTS// August 26, 2008, ALI, accessed 11 March 2011, < http://www.helium.com/knowledge/68129-the-early-history-of-martial-arts>.  ||

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<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-align: center;">History of Chinese Martial Arts n.d., ALI, accessed •Mon 21/03/2011, <http://learnchinese.elanguageschool.net/chinese-martial-arts>.

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<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-align: center;">History of martial arts n.d., Ali Payam, accessed 28/03/2011, <http://www.fightingarts.com/reading/article.php?id=164>.

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<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; text-align: center;">The history of Korean Martial Arts n.d., Ali Payam, accessed 28/03/2011, <http://www.learnkoreanlanguage.com/history-of-taekwondo.html>.



Arrange references in alphabetical order by the first word, which is usually an author's last or family name. Note: ignore 'A', 'An', or 'The' as first words of a title for the list order.